Every email carries a block of headers above the text you read. Most apps hide it, but all of them can show it. Copy the whole header block — the analyzer ignores the message body if you paste that too.
| App | Where the headers are |
| Gmail (web) | Open the message, click More (⋮) next to Reply, choose Show original, then Copy to clipboard. |
| New Outlook for Windows and Outlook on the web | Open the message, select More actions (…), then View → View message details. |
| Classic Outlook for Windows | Open the message in its own window, choose File → Properties, and copy the Internet headers box. |
| Apple Mail on Mac | Open the message and choose View → Message → All Headers. |
| iCloud Mail (iCloud.com) | Select the message, click More, then Show All Headers. |
| Yahoo Mail | Open the message, click More (…), then View Raw Message. |
| AOL Mail | Open the message and choose View Message Source from the Action menu. |
| Thunderbird | Open the message and choose View → Message Source. |
If your phone app has no option to show headers, open the same message in your provider’s website on a computer instead.
How to read the report
SPF, DKIM and DMARC
These verdicts come from the Authentication-Results header that the receiving mail server added when the message arrived. We read only the top-most one: it was written by your provider, while lower ones could have been added by anyone along the way.
- SPF checks that the server which delivered the message is allowed to send for the envelope (bounce) domain — which isn’t necessarily the From address you see.
- DKIM checks a cryptographic signature added by the sending domain, proving the message wasn’t altered.
- DMARC is the one that matters for spoofing: it passes only when SPF or DKIM passes for the same domain as the From address.
A DMARC fail on a message claiming to be from your bank, your boss or a delivery company is a strong warning sign. Forwarded mail and some mailing lists can fail too, so weigh it alongside the other findings.
The route and delays
Each server that handles a message adds a Received line at the top, so the oldest is at the bottom. The analyzer turns them around and shows them oldest first, with the time between each step. A large gap shows where a message was held up — usually a busy server, a retry or a spam check. Small negative gaps just mean two servers’ clocks disagree.
Signs of a spoofed or phishing message
- DMARC fails for the domain in the From address.
- The display name contains a different address, such as “security@yourbank.com” shown in front of an address at another domain.
- Reply-To points somewhere else, so your reply goes to the attacker rather than the company the message claims to be from.
- The first Received line shows a server or IP address with no connection to the supposed sender.
If a message fails these checks and asks for money, passwords or personal details, don’t reply or click its links. Report it as phishing in your email app.
Questions
Is it safe to paste email headers here?
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Yes. The analysis runs in your browser and the headers are never sent to our server. Headers do contain email addresses and server names, so on a shared computer, clear the box when you’re done.
What are email headers?
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Lines at the top of every message that record who sent it, who it’s for, the servers it passed through and the results of SPF, DKIM and DMARC checks. Email apps hide most of them by default.
How can I tell where an email really came from?
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Look at the oldest Received line — the first step in the route — and at the DMARC result. If DMARC passes, the From domain is genuine. If it fails, the From address can’t be trusted.
Why does the report say SPF passed but DMARC failed?
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SPF checks the envelope (bounce) domain, which can be different from the From address. DMARC requires SPF or DKIM to pass for the From domain itself, so a message can pass SPF for one domain while falsely claiming to be from another.
Why is there no Authentication-Results header?
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Some apps and mail servers don’t add or show it. Open the message in your provider’s webmail and copy the headers from there.
Why was my email delayed?
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Check the route: the step with the biggest gap is where it waited. A delay before your provider’s server usually happened at the sender’s side; a delay after it, at the receiving side.
Sources